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ISSN : 1225-0171(Print)
ISSN : 2287-545X(Online)
Korean Journal of Applied Entomology Vol.65 No.2 pp.175-183
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2026.05.0.014

Potential of Azole Fungicides as Synergists for Managing Diamide and Pyrethroid Resistance in Spodoptera exigua and Helicoverpa armigera

Dongjun Park1, Minseop Noh1, Hyeokchan Kwon1, Minyoung Choi2, Murtaza Khan3, Juil Kim1,2,3*
1Department of Plant Medicine, Division of Bioresource Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
2Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
3Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

Abstract

Spodoptera exigua and Helicoverpa armigera are economically important agricultural pests worldwide, including Korea, where their management is increasingly challenged by the rapid evolution of resistance to diamide and pyrethroid insecticides. This resistance is largely driven by enhanced metabolic detoxification, mediated by the overexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Consequently, inhibiting CYP activity has emerged as a promising strategy to restore insecticide susceptibility and improve resistance management. Here, we investigated the potential of azole fungicides, known CYP inhibitors, to act as synergists and enhance insecticide efficacy against resistant populations of these lepidopteran pests. Bioassays revealed clear species- and insecticide-specific synergistic interactions. In S. exigua, co-application of propiconazole with diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole significantly increased toxicity, resulting in 100% larval mortality. In contrast, in deltamethrin-resistant H. armigera, strong synergistic effects were observed when deltamethrin was combined with hexaconazole or metconazole, resulting in mortality exceeding 80%. Although azole fungicides alone caused negligible insecticidal mortality, their co-application with insecticides produced pronounced, concentration-dependent increases in mortality, with statistically significant differences relative to insecticides applied alone. These results provide strong evidence for the involvement of CYP-mediated detoxification in diamide and pyrethroid resistance and demonstrate the efficacy of azole fungicides as effective synergists. Overall, this study suggests the strategic incorporation of azole fungicides into insecticide resistance management programs to improve control efficacy against resistant populations of S. exigua and H. armigera.

초록

Vol. 40 No. 4 (2022.12)

Journal Abbreviation Korean J. Appl. Entomol.
Frequency Quarterly
Doi Prefix 10.5656/KSAE
Year of Launching 1962
Publisher Korean Society of Applied Entomology
Indexed/Tracked/Covered By